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Researchers developed a method to isolate exosome-like nanovesicles from ginseng adventitious roots and their culture medium using low-speed centrifugation and ultrafiltration. The nanovesicles ranged from 77 to 172 nanometers in size and contained lipids, proteins, saponins, and miRNA. Treatment with methyl jasmonate increased vesicle yield, protein content, and saponin levels, suggesting a way to enhance production of these plant-derived nanovesicles.
Why it matters
This work provides a scalable method for producing plant-derived nanovesicles that could be developed for drug delivery systems or therapeutic applications. The ability to enhance bioactive compound content through chemical induction offers a practical approach for commercial production of ginseng-derived vesicles with potential pharmaceutical or nutraceutical uses.
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⚠️ Preprint – Noch nicht peer-reviewed
Dieser Artikel wurde noch nicht von unabhängigen Experten begutachtet. Die Ergebnisse sind vorläufig und sollten mit Vorsicht interpretiert werden.
This study aimed to establish a method for isolating exosome-like nanovesicles from ginseng adventitious roots and their culture supernatant, to investigate the effects of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) induction on vesicle yield and composition, and to provide experimental evidence for the scalable production of ginseng-derived exosome-like nanovesicles. Exosome-like nanovesicles were isolated from ginseng adventitious roots and culture supernatant using low-speed centrifugation combined with stirred-cell ultrafiltration. Physicochemical characterization was performed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), Zeta potential analysis, and Q-ToF LC-MS lipidomics. Ginseng adventitious roots were treated with 200 M MeJA to evaluate changes in vesicle particle concentration, total protein, total saponins, and miRNA expression before and after induction. Paraffin section fluorescence staining was used to observe the distribution of vesicle-related signals in adventitious root tissues. Exosome-like nanovesicles with typical bilayer membrane structures were isolated from both ginseng adventitious roots and culture supernatant.The particle size ranged from 77.333 to 171.733 nm, and the particle concentration ranged from 2.1E+8 to 7.6E+10 /mL. The vesicles contained lipid components including glycerides, phospholipids, and sphingolipids. Induction with 200 M MeJA increased vesicle particle concentration and total protein content, significantly upregulated the total saponin level in vesicles derived from adventitious roots, and altered the miRNA expression pattern of the vesicles. Tissue section fluorescence observation showed overlap between vacuolar markers and membrane vesicle dye signals. Low-speed centrifugation combined with ultrafiltration can effectively prepare ginseng-derived exosome-like nanovesicles. MeJA induction can regulate vesicle yield and active components, providing foundational data for the scalable process development of such vesicles.