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This review article examines how astronomical observations can be used to test and constrain theories in particle physics beyond the Standard Model. The authors discuss three main approaches: using stellar evolution to detect additional energy loss mechanisms, analyzing high-energy photon propagation to search for exotic particle interactions, and employing neutrino telescopes to look for magnetic monopoles and unusual neutrino behavior. The paper presents recent applications using data from red giant stars, gamma-ray burst 221009A, and the Baikal-GVD and IceCube neutrino detectors.
Why it matters
These astrophysical methods provide complementary ways to search for new physics that may be inaccessible to terrestrial particle accelerators. By using cosmic phenomena as natural laboratories, researchers can probe exotic particles and interactions at extreme energies and scales, potentially revealing physics beyond our current theoretical framework.
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⚠️ Preprint – Noch nicht peer-reviewed
Dieser Artikel wurde noch nicht von unabhängigen Experten begutachtet. Die Ergebnisse sind vorläufig und sollten mit Vorsicht interpretiert werden.
Abstract: Selected astrophysical methods for testing particle-physics models are reviewed. Stellar structure and evolution constrain additional channels of energy loss and transport; high-energy photon propagation probes photon mixing with new particles and modifications of electron-positron pair production; large-volume neutrino telescopes are used to search for magnetic monopoles, neutrinos from superheavy dark-matter decay, and non-standard neutrino propagation. Recent applications of these methods are discussed, involving the tip of the red-giant branch in the color-luminosity diagram, gamma-ray burst 221009A, and data from the Baikal Gigaton Volume Detector (Baikal-GVD) and the IceCube experiment. In each case, particle-physics parameters are inferred through a forward model that accounts for the response to new physics, propagation, detection, and nuisance parameters.
Source: Searches for new particle physics by methods of classical and neutrino astronomy