Astronomy & Space

Black Hole’s X-ray Eruption Triggered Radio Jets 300 Days Later

How the science connects

Black holeRadio astronomyX-ray astronomy

AI Insight

Astronomers used nearly 20 years of data from NASA's Swift X-ray Telescope combined with radio observations to document a supermassive black hole in the Perseus Cluster exhibiting a sudden X-ray flare, followed approximately 300 days later by a corresponding flare in radio emission. This observation provides direct evidence of a temporal connection between activity in the black hole's accretion disk (which produces X-rays) and the powerful jets it launches (which produce radio waves). The research was submitted to arXiv and accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Letters.


This discovery helps scientists understand the physical mechanisms linking black hole accretion processes to jet formation and propagation, addressing fundamental questions about how supermassive black holes influence their surrounding environments. The 300-day delay provides a measurable timescale for how energy transfers from the accretion disk to relativistic jets.


By combining roughly two decades of observations from NASA’s Swift X-ray Telescope with radio monitoring, astronomers have caught a supermassive black hole at the heart of the Perseus Cluster suddenly flaring in X-rays, and about 300 days later, its powerful radio emission flared too. Their paper describing the connection between this black hole’s accretion disk and the jets it launches was submitted to the arXiv preprint server on Aug. 13 and accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Letters.

Source: A supermassive black hole erupted in X-rays, and its radio jets followed 300 days later